In short: Parinirvana Day remembers the Buddha's passing into final nirvana. Many Mahayana temples, especially in Japan, observe it on February 15 with chanting and a talk on impermanence. Theravada countries remember it together with his birth and awakening at Vesak.
The source
The account of his last days is in the Great Passing (DN 16). See the Buddha's last words and who was Ananda?
How it is observed
- Chanting and a talk on impermanence. See anicca.
- A reclining Buddha image or painting is shown.
- Offerings of flowers and incense.
More: Buddhist holidays 2027 · Buddhist symbols · Buddha poses
Questions people ask
When is Parinirvana Day?
February 15 in many Mahayana traditions, especially in Japan. Theravada countries remember the passing at Vesak.
What happens at Parinirvana Day services?
Chanting, a talk on impermanence, and sometimes the unveiling of a reclining Buddha painting or statue.
What were the Buddha's last words?
According to the Mahaparinibbana Sutta (DN 16): 'Conditioned things are subject to vanish; strive on with diligence.'